In my years of helping other Charlotte Mason homeschoolers, probably the one topic that comes up most often is language arts. Over the next several weeks we will discuss what is included in language arts and how Charlotte taught all those components in simple yet effective ways. Nothing scary or intimidating. Just learning how to communicate ideas through language.
Since we want our children to be proficient at communicating ideas through language, we want to make sure we cover all the ways language occurs. Advances in technology and communication have been rapid since In the national standards, the definition of English language arts includes viewing and visually representing as well as reading, writing, listening, and speaking.
Perhaps the factor that has had the greatest impact on American schools is the immigration that has led to steadily increasing linguistic and cultural diversity in the population. The changing demographics of school populations are reflected in the newer national standards; students for whom English is not the first language are explicitly considered in the goals and recommendations. The following standards are taken from Standards for the English Language, published in by the National Council of Teachers of English.
Students read a wide range of print and nonprint texts to build an understanding of texts, of themselves, and of the cultures of the United States and the world; to acquire new information; to respond to the needs and demands of society and the workplace; and for personal fulfillment.
Among these texts are fiction and nonfiction, classic and contemporary works. Students read a wide range of literature from many periods in many genres to build an understanding of the many dimensions e. Students apply a wide range of strategies to comprehend, interpret, evaluate, and appreciate texts. They draw on their prior experience, their interactions with other readers and writers, their knowledge of word meaning and of other texts, their word identification strategies, and their understanding of textual features e.
Students adjust their use of spoken, written, and visual language e. Students employ a wide range of strategies as they write and use different writing process elements appropriately to communicate with different audiences for a variety of purposes. Students apply knowledge of language structure, language conventions e.
Students conduct research on issues and interests by generating ideas and questions, and by posing problems. They gather, evaluate, and synthesize data from a variety of sources e. Students use a variety of technological and informational resources e. Students develop an understanding of and respect for diversity in language use, patterns, and dialects across cultures, ethnic groups, geographic regions, and social roles. Students whose first language is not English make use of their first language to develop competency in the English language arts and to develop understanding of content across the curriculum.
Students participate as knowledgeable, reflective, creative, and critical members of a variety of literacy communities. Students use spoken, written, and visual language to accomplish their own purposes e. Evolving issues in language arts pedagogy hark back to the three models of instruction described earlier.
Many individual state departments of education have developed their own language arts standards for students at various grade levels; these range from rigidly imposed standards and controlled curricula in the tradition of the skills-based model to process oriented standards and a good deal of local control over the curriculum.
Educators are left with the task of reconciling such differences and designing curriculum and assessments that reflect their highest priorities.
Issues similar to those in the United States have led to reforms in England—a leader, for many years, in the implementation of meaning-based instruction in reading and writing. Recent reforms in England and Ireland maintain an emphasis on integrating language arts in instruction, while recommending increasingly structured curriculum and assessments geared toward student achievement of specified outcomes.
Large-scale immigration, one of the most important social developments of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, is a global phenomenon, as noted in Children of Immigration Orderly and rich thoughts are as integral to writing as orderly grammar and good spelling. This is like reading, but without words. Thoughts and feelings are communicated in other ways. This skill requires processing information through visual media, such as photographs, paintings, maps, graphs, or even the silver screen.
This is to Viewing what Writing is to Reading. Thoughts are conveyed visually, though not necessarily with written words.
Students develop this skill in many ways, such as acting out skits, drawing pictures, sculpting, and diagramming. The last two fall under the label Visual Literacy, which surprisingly has been around for a long time. A very long time. For centuries, theories have abounded on the way our brains process information according to different visual formats. While the phrase itself has only been around since the s, the concept of visual literacy is observable all the way back to the ancient cave paintings of Lascaux, France.
The tribes were the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, who crossed over from the North Sea from what today is Denmark and northern Germany. How do you teach language arts? We use the following strategies: Encourage independent reading. Design product-driven reading and writing instruction. Pre-reading and pre-writing strategies.
Making meaning. Text annotation. Ask text-based evidence questions. Immerse students in the genre. Provide options for writing. Who invented language? But some—the ones that linguists describe as invented languages—trace their existence to individual creators.
The oldest known invented language, Lingua Ignota, was devised in the 12th century by the German nun and mystic Hildegard von Bingen; its purpose has been lost to history.
What are language arts processes? The six language arts share common learning and cognitive processes. Reading, viewing, and listening processes are concerned with constructing meaning from texts created by others. Writing, speaking, and representing processes are concerned with constructing meaning in order to communicate with others.
Is English an art?
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